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1993-05-03
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PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICE
JET PROPULSION LABORATORY
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
PASADENA, CALIF. 91109. TELEPHONE (818) 354-5011
Contact: Jim Doyle, JPL
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE March 16, 1992
The Magellan spacecraft's orbit around Venus will be lowered
in late September to just above the planet's dense atmosphere for
gravity studies, a project spokesman at NASA's Jet Propulsion
Laboratory said today.
Magellan continues to map a region near the equator of Venus
to provide three-dimensional views of the highlands of Aphrodite
Terra in high-resolution.
The stereo mapping phase, which began January 26 near
Maxwell Montes, the highest mountain on Venus, will end in mid-
September, said Project Scientist Dr. Stephen Saunders. The orbit
at its closest point to the planet will be lowered later that
month.
The spacecraft's orbit will be moved downward from 300
kilometers (186 miles) to 180 kilometers (111 miles) above the
surface for maximum sensitivity to variations in the gravity
field, he said.
Gravity is mapped by analyzing slight variations in the
radio signal sent back to Earth. Gravity mapping is planned for a
complete 243-day cycle, or one Venus rotation.
In the first 243-day mapping cycle, Magellan mapped 84
percent of Venus and provided a near-global view. This map
revealed wind patterns from the distribution of wind-blown
deposits of sand and dust.
Although no Earth-like plate tectonic features have been
identified, Saunders said, the global distribution of fractures
and various terrain types can be determined.
In the second cycle, Magellan pointed its imaging radar to
the opposite side, mapping to the right. Most of the features
look similar, but some appear very different from the opposite
angle, he said.
A thick volcanic lava field has been measured from opposite
sides revealing a thickness of about 1,000 meters (3,000 feet) of
congealed lava. The lava was once a thick, viscous molten rock
that poured from the subsurface of Venus.
Impact craters on Venus also can produce flows that resemble
volcanic flows. One of the puzzles is why some large impact
craters appear to have produced large volumes of lava-like flows,
and others do not produce flows at all, Saunders said.
Detailed shapes of impact craters also are being determined
from opposite side images and stereo.
JPL manages the Magellan Project for NASA's Office of Space
Science and Applications.
#1428
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